Sphyrna mokarran
Animalia - Elasmobranchii
Abstract
Great Hammerhead Sphyrna mokarran has most recently been assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2018. Sphyrna mokarran is listed as Critically Endangered under criteria A2bd.
Suggested Citation
Population Trend
Decreasing
Category
Date Assessed
27 July 2017
Published in 2020
Category Status
Vulnerable
IUCN Red List Category
Scope
Global
Map Source
IUCN / BirdLife
Taxonomy
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Chordata
Class
Elasmobranchii
Order
Carcharhiniformes
Family
Sphyrnidae
Genus
Sphyrna
Taxonomy in detail
Scientific Name
Sphyrna mokarran
Authority
(Rüppell, 1837)
Vernacular Names
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Cachona
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Cachona grande
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Cornuda gigante
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Cornudo
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Cornúa
Poland
Glowomlot olbrzymi
Mayotte
Grand requin marteau
Mayotte
Grand requin marteau
Mayotte
Grand requin marteau, Requin-marteau
Mayotte
Grand requin-marteau
Mayotte
Grand requin-marteau
Mayotte
Grand requin-marteau
Holy See (Vatican City State)
Grande squalo martello
Zimbabwe
Great Hammerhead Shark
Zimbabwe
Great hammerhead
Liechtenstein
Großer Hammerhai
Liechtenstein
Großer Hammerhai
Finland
Isovasarahai
Malta
Kurazza
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Martillo
Taxonomic Sources
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Taxonomic Notes
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Assessment Information
Global Assessment
Category
Vulnerable
IUCN Red List Category
IUCN Red List Category And Criteria
Vulnerable A2bd
Date Assessed
22 January 2026
Year Published
22 January 2026
Assessment Information in detail
Assessor(s)
- Dev Admin
Reviewer(s)
Justification
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Geographic Range
Native
Madagascar
Number of Location
56432
Upper Elevation Limit
2620 metres
Lower Elevation Limit
0 metres
Geographic Range in detail
Estimated area of occupancy (AOO) (km²)
-
Endemic to the EU
No
Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO)
Yes
Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO)
Yes
Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) (km²)
-
Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO)
Yes
Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO)
Yes
Continuing decline in number of locations
Yes
Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations
Yes
Range Description
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Population
Current Population Trend
Decreasing
Number of mature individuals
56432-8654
Population Severely Fragmented
No
Continuing Decline of mature individuals
Yes
Population in detail
Extreme fluctuations
No
No. of subpopulations
-
Continuing decline in subpopulations
-
Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations
-
All individuals in one subpopulation
-
No. of individuals in largest subpopulation
-
Description
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Habitat and Ecology
Classification Scheme
| Habitats | Detail | Season | Suitability | Major Importance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Forest | 1.5. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry | - | Suitable | Yes |
| 1.6. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry | - | Suitable | Yes | |
| 1.7. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry | - | Suitable | Yes |
Threats
Classification Scheme
| Threats | Timing | Stresses | Scope | Severity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2. Agriculture & aquaculture • 2.1. Annual crops • 2.1.1. Shifting agriculture | Ongoing |
1. Ecosystem stresses
1.1. Ecosystem conversion 1.2. Ecosystem degradation |
Minority (< 50%) | Slow Significant Declines |
Use and Trade
Wearing apparel, accessories
Local: ✔ National: ✘ International: ✘
Food - human
Local: ✔ National: ✘ International: ✘
Use and Trade in detail
Description / Threats
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Conservation Actions
In-place research and monitoring
Action Recovery Plan : Yes
Systematic monitoring scheme : No
In-place land/water protection
Conservation sites identified : Yes
Occurs in at least one protected area : Yes
Invasive species control : Not Applicable
In-place species management
Subject to ex-situ conservation : Yes
In-place education
Subject to trade controls : No
Conservation Actions in detail
Conservation Description
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